Charleston,West Virginia
I chose Charleston WV as my glass town based on two observations:
1. I noticed this is the closest to Fayette County (where I grew up) as glass gets for our states history therefor I'm very interested to see if southern coal became a major importance for the glass boom in our capital city and how that effected both industries. and
2. Based on the WV map, the main concentration of "glass houses", as they were called, were along the Ohio River. I'm interested to learn more about the transportation demands and the effects on the community in Charleston.
According to Dr. Dean Six, in order to have successful glass factories you must have an abundance of raw materials, an energy source supply, transportation and a workforce. Charleston fit the bill for all of the criteria.
Limestone- (ex.
Greenbrier Limestone) (An impressive seam.)
Metals
Energy-
Southern Coal fields
Natural Gas- (First found in Kanawha county...on accident)
Transportation: Charelston is considered to be a central location in WV where all directions of transportation routes meet.
Kawaha River- Leads to the Ohio
Elk River
Railroads
Work Force- According to the
WV Encyclopedia, in 1900 Kanwha County had the largest population in the state with 54,696 residents. Work Force was not an issue.
Major Companies: Charleston's major glass role was in window glass production.
1st Company- Dunkirk Glass- Opened 1906 (Dunkirk is still a popular name in auto glass but I didn't find any
information about pieces of glass or the company.
Banner Window Glass-1907 to ~1922
Charelston Window Glass 1910 to 1923
West Charleston Glass 1911 to ~ 1924
Invention of Glass Making Machine- Michael Owens
The Libbey-Owens Sheet Glass 1917 to 1927- Worlds Largest Window Glass
Owens Bottle Machine Company- 1918 to 1919
Owens Bottle Machine Company No. 6 1919-1929
Libbey-Owens-Ford- 1927-1980 Longest lived Glass in Charleston.
Owens- Illinois Glass -1929-1962
Observations for further research:
Smaller companies died out in the 1920s. Why?
WV was Henry Fords Supply Bank- He bought Nuttallburg in 1920 for the coke oven industry and
joined forces with sheet glass in 1927. What else did WV supply for Ford?
Great Sites about related information.
Owen-Illinois Glass Bottle Markings- How to know if you have a bottle from Charleston!
General Bottle Dating